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1.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 25(1): 46-48, 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-525454

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Sneddon (SS) es una vasculopatía oclusiva poco frecuente, de etiología no bien precisada, que compromete principalmente la piel (livedo reticularis), el sistema nervioso central (accidentes vasculares isquémicos) y el sistema cardiovascular (hipertensión arterial). Se describe una forma idiopática primaria, una trombótica y una asociada a patologías autoinmunes como el síndrome antifosfolípidos. La livedo reticularis suele preceder al resto de las manifestaciones. La biopsia de piel tomada del centro del retículo es característica. El estudio de laboratorio incluye la búsqueda de algunas mesenquimopatías y la pesquisa serológica del síndrome antifosfolípidos. Entre las posibilidades terapéuticas se incluyen la anticoagulación, la administración de antiagregantes plaquetarios y el evitar agentes protrombóticos. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 45 años con deterioro cognitivo, accidentes cerebrovasculares trombóticos, hipertensión arterial y livedo reticularis, en el que se diagnostica SS. Es manejado con aspirina y antihipertensivos, evolucionando favorablemente. Destacamos la importancia de reconocer los hallazgos cutáneos del SS para un oportuno diagnóstico y tratamiento.


Sneddon’s syndrome (SS) is a rare vasculopathy of partially known etiology affecting mainly the skin (livedo reticularis), central nervous system (ischemic cerebrovascular episodes) and cardiovascular system. A primary idiopathic form, a thrombotic form and one associated with autoimmune diseases such as the antiphospholipid syndrome, are described. Livedo reticularis is commonly the first manifestation. Skin biopsy taken from the center of the reticulum is characteristic. Laboratory study includes a screening of antiphospholipid syndrome and mesenquimopathies. Possible treatments are anticoagulation, administration of platelet antiagregants and avoidance of pro-thrombotic agents. We present the case of a 45 year old man with dementia, thrombotic cerebrovascular disease, hypertension and livedo reticularis, who is diagnosed with SS. The patient is managed with aspirin and antihypertension drugs, with good response. We reinforce the importance of SS skin manifestations for a proper and quick diagnosis and treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Skin Diseases, Vascular/pathology , Sneddon Syndrome/diagnosis , Sneddon Syndrome/pathology , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Enalapril/therapeutic use , Sneddon Syndrome/drug therapy
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(2b): 390-395, jun. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-456839

ABSTRACT

Sneddon's syndrome (SS) is characterized by ischemic cerebrovascular episodes and livedo reticularis. It is more common in young women and can also be associated with valvulopathy, a history of spontaneous abortion, renal involvement and vascular dementia. We describe three cases of young women with this disease. The patients had repeated ischemic cerebral episodes, livedo reticularis and thrombocytopenia. CT and MRI showed strokes and cerebral atrophy. Autopsy in one of the patients revealed cerebral infarctions. Anticardiolipin antibodies were detected in two patients. Antiphospholipid antibodies may be found in some patients with ischemic cerebrovascular events and livedo reticularis. SS may thus be associated with antiphospholipid syndrome. We described three new cases of SS and discuss the pathophysiology of this disease.


A síndrome de Sneddon é caracterizada por episódios cerebrovasculares isquêmicos e livedo reticular, sendo mais comum em mulheres jovens, e pode também apresentar valvulopatia, história de aborto, envolvimento renal e demência vascular. Descrevemos três mulheres jovens com esta entidade. Os pacientes apresentavam história de ataques isquêmicos cerebrais, livedo reticular e trombocitopenia. Tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética de crânio mostraram infartos e atrofia cerebral nos pacientes estudados. A autópsia revelou em um dos pacientes presença de infartos cerebrais. Anticorpos anticardiolipina foram observados em duas pacientes. Há pacientes com eventos cerebrovasculares isquêmicos e livedo reticular nos quais anticorpos antifosfolípides são detectados. Então SS pode estar associada com a síndrome antifosfolípide, porém em alguns pacientes estes anticorpos não são detectados. Nós descrevemos três novos casos de SS e discutimos os mecanismos fisiopatológicos desta síndrome.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Sneddon Syndrome/diagnosis , Antibodies, Antiphospholipid/blood , Cerebral Angiography , Echocardiography , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Sneddon Syndrome/blood , Sneddon Syndrome/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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